Fifth week on toleration

Fifth week on toleration
On Dworkin

Mill's defense of liberty
Assignment

Individuality
Absoluteness of liberty lies in context of coercion
Self regarding conduct: not affect others at all
Wollheim's interpretation, Ree's interpretation
Distinction between effects
Count or discount some effect
Interests ; social representative
Morality dependent distress
Tule out some kind of effect

Given Wollheim is right, is there other utilitarian god reason
dislike is disapproval, no reason for intervention

Sled regarding conduct
Other regarding conduct
Two classes of conduct with different effects
Driving force behind is the point rather than the identification of class
Condition of moral approval

Reason for intervene is the focus rather there is alien conduct
Morally
Self safety, such A's suicide
Paternalism

Harm other

Dworkin
Personal preference: what I should or want to do
External preference: what I want someone else to do. My preference relating to other person.
Mix preference: sort out the dominant aspect, hard to sort

Good utilitarian reason to exclude
Government public policy

Classical utilitarian: hedonism, maximize the pleasure
Preference utilitarian: maximize satisfaction of desire

Double counting
Fairness
Every count only one

Utilitarian Fundamental commitment
Some count more than others
Racist
Count for equally
Contents of preference
Value of pleasure, disvalue of pain
The content of pleasure relates to what the preference is
Neutral position

Content is irrelevant
Each person A's a container of pleasure
Happiness cannot be transferred to others
Amount of pleasure count A's equal
Intensity of pleasure
All sources of happiness should be taken into account

Utility principle
Compatible to other absolute rules
Standard of evaluating conducts
Tell how to act in particular context

Hare
Intuitive level of moral thinking: following conventional rules
Critical level: when simple rules come into conflict

Indirect utilitarian

Act utilitarian
Rule utilitarian

David
Extensionally equivalent
1. Always keep your promises
2. Always keep your promises except situation A, B, c....

Never interfere with any self regarding conduct
How could you know the rule will be the best rule in particular case.
Actually, some self regarding conduct wil be ruled out for causing great distress even that is morality dependent distress.

Movement of society
Switch between intuitive and critical periods, the former with agreement while the later with disagreement.
Absolute rule is only acceptable from utilitarian perspective.

Sidgwick
Benard Williams